As there are no sources of complete resistance, management through chemical control has been the most adopted method for sheath blight management. Its diverse host range and ability to remain dormant under unfavorable conditions make the pathogen more difficult to manage. Use of high yielding semi dwarf cultivars with dense planting and high dose of nitrogenous fertilizers accentuates the incidence of sheath blight in rice. In present chapter viral disease in two important pulse, mungbean and urdbean will be discussed.Sheath blight caused by necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is one of the most serious diseases of rice. More than 100 viruses have been reported to causes diseases in the pulse crops. mungo), lentil (Lens culinaris), peas (Pisum sativum), French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and cowpea (P. The major pulses grown in this country are chick pea (Cicer arietinum), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), mungbean (Vigna radiata), urdbean (V. Mungbean and urdbean are mainly cultivated in many tropical and sub-tropical continents like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Philippines, China, Vietnam, Indonesia and Burma. Therefore, it is urgent need to overcome the constrains of pulse production, so that, our country is able to produce about 27 million tones pulses by 2015 to meet the demand of our citizens. Thus, it is necessitated to import pulses from neighboring countries. The over increasing population of the country and low productivity of pulses has resulted depletion of per capita availability to about 40 gm in recent year. Further, the variation in production of pulses in India is common as pulses are cultivated mainly under rainfed conditions. The low productivity of the pulse in India is caused by the effect of several biotic constraints, of which diseases caused by viral pathogens are most important. The productivity of pulses staggers around 600 kg/ha well below the world average productivity of 846 kg/ha over last 15-20 years. India has the largest pulse producing area of about 24 million ha with production of grains only 14.8 million tones per annum.
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